the part of the human body that is on the opposite side to the chest, between the neck and the tops of the legs; the part of an animal’s body that corresponds to this
پشت, پشت بدن
see also bareback, horseback
2
A1
the row of bones in the middle of the back
ستون فقرات, ستون مهره‌ها, فقرات, مهره‌های پشت
She broke her back in a riding accident.
He spent six months recovering from a broken back.
He put his back out lifting the crates.
synonym backbone, spine
3
A1
the part or area of something that is furthest from the front
پشت, ناحیه پشت, قسمت عقب
She was hit on the back of the head.
He kicked the ball straight into the back of the net.
The man was refusing to go to the back of the queue.
The house has three bedrooms at the front and two at the back.
We could only get seats at the back .
(British English)There's room for three people in the back .
(North American English)There's room for three people in back.
Come around the back and I'll show you the garden.
see also hardback, paperback, short back and sides
4
A1
the part of a piece of paper, etc. that is on the opposite side to the one that has information or the most important information on it
پشت, طرف دیگر, صفحه پشتی, قسمت پشتی
Take a card and write your name on the back.
He scribbled some figures on the back of an envelope.
5
A1
the last few pages of a book, etc.
صفحات آخر, بخش انتهایی, انتهای کتاب, بخش پایانی, صفحات پایانی
The television guide is at the back of the paper.
The answer key is in the back of the book.
The article I mentioned is in that magazine—towards the back I think.
The arts page is usually towards the back of the newspaper.
6
the part of a chair, etc. against which you lean your back
پشتی, تکیه‌گاه, قسمت پشتی, پشتی صندلی, تکیه‌گاه صندلی
7
used to describe furniture that has the type of back mentioned
پشتی, تکیه‌گاه, پشت‌دار
a high-backed sofa
8
a player whose main role is to defend their team’s goal
مدافع, بازیکن خط دفاع, مدافع تیم, یار خط دفاع
see also full back, half back
adjective
A2
1
A2
located behind or at the back of something
عقبی, پشتی, پشت سر, پشت
compare front
2
of or from a past time
گذشته, قبلی, سابق, پیشین
a back issue of the magazine
3
owed for a time in the past
معوقه, معوق
back pay/taxes/rent
4
produced with the back of the tongue in a higher position than the front, for example /ɑː/ in English
پس زبانی, با پشت زبان
compare central, front
adverb
A1
1
A1
to or into the place, condition, situation or activity where somebody/something was before
عقب, دوباره, به عقب, باز
2
A1
away from the front or centre; behind you
عقب, پشت, پس, به عقب
I moved back to let them pass.
Sit back and relax.
You've combed your hair back.
He turned and looked back.
She fell back towards the end of the race.
opposite forward
3
A2
at a place previously left or mentioned
به عقب
We should have turned left five kilometres back.
Back at home, her parents were worried.
4
A2
in return or reply
پاسخ, جواب, واکنش
She's a tough kid, who, when attacked, fights back hard.
If he hits me, I'll hit him back.
Could you call back later, please?
5
B1
at a distance away from something
عقب, به عقب
The barriers kept the crowd back.
Stand back and give me some room.
6
B1
in or into the past; ago
به گذشته, در گذشته
The cathedral dates back to 1123.
The village has a history going back to the Middle Ages.
She left back in November.
That was a few years back.
7
B2
under control; prevented from being expressed or coming out
کنترل شده, مهار شده, بازداری شده, سرکوب شده
He could no longer hold back his tears.
8
fashionable again
دوباره مد روز
Beards are back.
I wonder if flares will ever come back in?
verb
B2
1
B2
to encourage somebody or give them help; to give financial support to somebody/something