{"id":986,"date":"2024-08-24T23:53:53","date_gmt":"2024-08-24T20:23:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learnit.ir\/blog\/?p=986"},"modified":"2024-08-24T23:56:11","modified_gmt":"2024-08-24T20:26:11","slug":"quote-in-english","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/learnit.ir\/blog\/quote-in-english\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u062e\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647\u0654 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0631\u06cc \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f. <strong>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/strong> \u0631\u0627 reported speech \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"900\" src=\"https:\/\/learnit.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/quote-in-english-2.jpg\" alt=\"\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\" class=\"wp-image-992\" title=\"\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 (reported speech) \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0633\u062e\u0646 \u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u06af\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0648\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0633\u062e\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0645.&nbsp; \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 direct speech<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 indirect speech<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0654 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0654 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Direct speech: \u201cThe weather is cold,\u201d Ali said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u06af\u0641\u062a: \u00ab\u0647\u0648\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Indirect speech: Ali said the weather was cold.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u06af\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0648\u0627 \u0633\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Direct speech: \u201cI will open borders to immigrants,\u201d the president announced.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0631\u0626\u06cc\u0633 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f: \u00ab\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Indirect speech: The president announced that he would open the borders to immigrants.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0631\u0626\u06cc\u0633 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f: <a href=\"https:\/\/learnit.ir\/blog\/teaching-adverbs-in-english\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/learnit.ir\/blog\/teaching-adverbs-in-english\/\">\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0642\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 (direct speech) \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u06a9\u0645 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 quoted speech \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"900\" src=\"https:\/\/learnit.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/quote-in-english-3.jpg\" alt=\"\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\" class=\"wp-image-993\" title=\"\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p> \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a \u062f\u0628\u0644 \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u0634\u0646 (&#8220;&#8230;&#8221;) \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u0634\u0646 (&#8216;&#8230;&#8217;) \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f reported clause \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0622\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u0647 \u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u062e\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c reporting clause \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u201cI drink coffee every morning,\u201d Ali said.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u06af\u0641\u062a: \u00ab\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0635\u0628\u062d \u0642\u0647\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0646\u0648\u0634\u0645.\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u201cI drink coffee every morning\u201d \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 reported clause \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 Ali said \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 reporting clause.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647\u0654 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u062e\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 (\u06cc\u0639\u0646\u06cc &#8216;&#8230;&#8217; \u06cc\u0627 &#8220;&#8230;&#8221;) \u0628\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u062e\u0646 \u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u062e\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u0645:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Asked, told, explained, mentioned, informed, reported, declared, announced, replied, stated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 (simple past) \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u067e\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u0622\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0654 \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0645 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong> \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u201cI drink coffee every morning,\u201d Ali says.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u062f: \u00ab\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0635\u0628\u062d \u0642\u0647\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0646\u0648\u0634\u0645.\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0654 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 (\u06a9\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u0634\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u06a9)\u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0648\u06cc\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 morning \u06cc\u06a9 \u0648\u06cc\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0648\u062a\u06cc\u0634\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u06a9 \u06cc\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0648 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0648\u2026 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u062f\u0631 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u06cc\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0648\u06cc\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0654 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u06cc\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0654 shoes \u062f\u0642\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">I saw a sign on the wall that said, \u201cDon\u2019t enter the house in shoes.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0641\u062a: \u00ab\u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0641\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f.\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u201cDon\u2019t enter the house in shoes,\u201d the sign said.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0641\u062a: \u00ab\u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0641\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f.\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0654 reported speech \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0654\u200c \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062c\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062c\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0648\u06cc\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u201cIs Ali still working here?\u201d Sara asked me.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f: \u00ab\u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u061f\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u062e\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0646\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0639\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 indirect speech \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b (\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647) \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0642\u06cc\u0648\u062f \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0642\u06cc\u0648\u062f \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u062e \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0634\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u06af\u06cc\u062c\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">&#8220;I came to the office but it was closed,&#8221; he told me.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u06af\u0641\u062a: \u00ab\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">He told me that he had come to the office but it was closed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u06af\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u0632<strong>\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u062f\u0631 Indirect speech<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u062f\u0631 Direct speech<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0647 past perfect<\/td><td>simple past<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0647 simple past<\/td><td>simple present<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631<\/td><td>past perfect<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>past perfect \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0647&nbsp;<\/td><td>present perfect<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0647 past perfect continuous<\/td><td>past continuous<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0647 past continuous<\/td><td>present continuous<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 (would)<\/td><td>Future (will)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0647 past perfect<\/td><td>simple past<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Direct Speech (Simple Past):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ali said, &#8220;I visited Tehran last summer.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u06af\u0641\u062a: \u00ab\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0645.\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Indirect Speech (Past Perfect):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ali said that he had visited Tehran the previous summer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u06af\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0647 simple past<\/td><td>simple present<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Direct Speech (Simple Present):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Sara says, &#8220;I enjoy reading books.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u00ab \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u200c \u0644\u0630\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0631\u0645.\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Indirect Speech (Present Perfect):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Sara says that she has enjoyed reading books.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u200c \u0644\u0630\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u0631\u062f. (\u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631<\/td><td>past perfect<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Direct Speech (Past Perfect):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Sara said, &#8220;I had already finished my homework before dinner.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u06af\u0641\u062a: \u00ab\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0641\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0645\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Indirect Speech (Past Perfect):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Sara said that she had already finished her homework before dinner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u06af\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0641\u0634 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>past perfect<\/td><td>present perfect<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Direct Speech (Present Perfect):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ali said, &#8220;I have lost my keys.&#8221;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u06af\u0641\u062a: \u00ab\u0645\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u06af\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0645\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Indirect Speech (Past Perfect):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ali said that he had lost his keys.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u06af\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0631\u0627 \u06af\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0647 past perfect continuous<\/td><td>past continuous<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Direct Speech (Past Continuous):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">&#8220;I was reading a book when you called,&#8221; Sara said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u06af\u0641\u062a: \u00ab\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0645 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0648 \u0632\u0646\u06af \u0632\u062f\u06cc.\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Indirect Speech (Past Perfect Continuous):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">She said that she had been reading a book when I called, Sara said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u06af\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0632\u0646\u06af \u0632\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0647 past continuous<\/td><td>present continuous<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Direct Speech (Present Continuous):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">&#8220;I am studying for my exams,&#8221; Ali said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u06af\u0641\u062a: \u00ab\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0645.\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Indirect Speech (Past Continuous):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ali said that he was studying for his exams.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u06af\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0634 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 (would)<\/td><td>Future (will)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Direct Speech (Will):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">&#8220;I will finish my work by tomorrow,&#8221; Sara said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u06af\u0641\u062a: \u00ab\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f.\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Indirect Speech (Would):<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Sara said that she would finish her work by tomorrow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u06af\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647: <\/strong>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Direct speech:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u201cI go walking near your house every day,\u201d Sara said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u06af\u0641\u062a: \u00ab\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0632\u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0654 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0645.\u00bb<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Indirect speech:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Sara told me that she goes walking near our house every day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u06af\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0632\u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0654 \u0645\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f: <a href=\"https:\/\/learnit.ir\/blog\/who-and-whom\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/learnit.ir\/blog\/who-and-whom\/\">\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a who \u0628\u0627 whom \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0648 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u06a9\u06cc<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u060c \u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f (I) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f (she) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0686\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0641\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"900\" src=\"https:\/\/learnit.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/quote-in-english-4.jpg\" alt=\"\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0648 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u06a9\u06cc\" class=\"wp-image-994\" title=\"\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647\u0654 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0654 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u0642\u062a \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0633 \u0628\u0632\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0686\u0647 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f (he, she) \u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u062c\u0645\u0639 (they) \u0627\u0633\u062a.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Our co-workers said, \u201cWe will go on a picnic on the weekend.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0646\u062f: \u00ab\u0645\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0647\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u200c\u0646\u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0645\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Our co-workers said they would go on a picnic on the weekend.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0647\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u200c\u0646\u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 <strong>\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u0639\u0648\u0644\u06cc<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">She said: \u201cI will call you tomorrow.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0648 \u06af\u0641\u062a: \u00ab\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648 \u0632\u0646\u06af \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0632\u0646\u0645\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Sara said that she would call me the next day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u06af\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0646\u06af \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0632\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0632<strong> \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u06a9\u06cc<\/strong> \u0648 <strong>\u0636\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u06a9\u06cc<\/strong> \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0648 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">She told me: \u201cYour book is on the table.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u06af\u0641\u062a: \u00ab\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">She told me that my book was on the table.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u06af\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">She told me: \u201cThis book is yours.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u06af\u0641\u062a: \u00ab\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">She told me that book was mine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u06af\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0642\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u060c \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 (\u0648 \u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f) \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0642\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0647\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0642\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646:&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <strong>\u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0654 \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u062f<\/strong> \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0654 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u062e\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0627 <strong>\u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0654 \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u062f<\/strong>. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u060c \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u201cThis is our house,\u201d Ali said.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u06af\u0641\u062a: \u00ab\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0654 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ali said that the red building was their house.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u06af\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0654 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ali said that house is their house.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u06af\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0654 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a. (\u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0654 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0654 \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0633\u062e\u0646\u0634 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u201cWe live here,\u201d Ali told me.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u06af\u0641\u062a: \u00ab\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u00bb. (\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u0650 \u0633\u062e\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0654 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">Ali told me that they live there.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u06af\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. (\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0654 \u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0645.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0642\u06cc\u062f \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u0645. \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0639\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u062e\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 <strong>\u0642\u06cc\u062f \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645<\/strong>. \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">\u201cWe will go tomorrow,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0648 \u06af\u0641\u062a: \u00ab\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\">She said that we would go the next day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0648 \u06af\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 can, must, may \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0654 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u06cc\u0645 \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0641\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>Indirect speech<\/td><td>Direct speech<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>could<\/td><td>can<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>had to<\/td><td>must<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>might<\/td><td>may<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647: \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p dir=\"ltr\"><strong>Ought to, should, would, could, might.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u062a\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647\u0654 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u062a\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0654 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0634 reporting speech \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u06cc\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 <a href=\"https:\/\/dictionary.cambridge.org\/\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/dictionary.cambridge.org\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u0648\u0628\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u0634\u0646\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062c<\/a> \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com\/docsz\/AD_4nXchMeC7HTyHHfn-DcdVSuo4S_4tKy2Gf8M0dpeofpgHuo1JlxCGCBfTCC8IfHlJkg34sX2tqUKUz82UE6DMjPVWsaXzY9EP-xKxOBmHlFSg432nMlewiryMK7XHWmERPFOWjkDMUJqAl1HuY4eMPrvt5V8zMcXJJWPEFwOCXw?key=byv0Zg3LHWhybx3c5zSqTg\" alt=\"\u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u062a\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\" title=\"\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u0622\u0646\u0686\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 <\/strong>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0648\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u0645:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0645. \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0641\u062a\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647\u0654\u200c \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647\u0654 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc<strong> <\/strong>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0630\u0647\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0646\u0627\u062e\u0648\u062f\u0622\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0648 \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0642\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. <strong>\u067e\u0633 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f!<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u062e\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0647\u0654 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0631\u06cc \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f. \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0631\u0627 reported speech \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0648 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":991,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-986","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-grammar"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/learnit.ir\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/986"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/learnit.ir\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/learnit.ir\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learnit.ir\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learnit.ir\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=986"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/learnit.ir\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/986\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learnit.ir\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/991"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/learnit.ir\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=986"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learnit.ir\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=986"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/learnit.ir\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=986"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}