{"id":2839,"date":"2025-10-07T17:08:14","date_gmt":"2025-10-07T13:38:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/learnit.ir\/blog\/?p=2839"},"modified":"2025-10-08T15:34:23","modified_gmt":"2025-10-08T12:04:23","slug":"%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%a7%d9%88%d8%aa-%da%af%d8%b0%d8%b4%d8%aa%d9%87-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%87-%d9%88-%d8%ad%d8%a7%d9%84-%da%a9%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%84-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%86%da%af%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%db%8c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/learnit.ir\/blog\/%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%a7%d9%88%d8%aa-%da%af%d8%b0%d8%b4%d8%aa%d9%87-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%87-%d9%88-%d8%ad%d8%a7%d9%84-%da%a9%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%84-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%86%da%af%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%db%8c\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u2014 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 + \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0628\u06cc\u0646 <strong>\u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 (Simple Past)<\/strong> \u0648 <strong>\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 (Present Perfect)<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0622\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0634\u0646\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u06af\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0648 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"526\" src=\"https:\/\/learnit.ir\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/header-1-ptorxuua6xyt5tiyeybouubdgadg8h29vpsg13985k-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2840\" title=\"\"><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/strong><strong> (Simple Past)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641<\/strong>: \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647: \u0641\u0639\u0644 + <strong>-ed<\/strong><br>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: <em>worked, played, visited<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647: \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u200c\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647<br>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: <em>went (go), saw (see), ate (eat)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I visited Paris last year.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>She studied for the exam yesterday.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They went to the cinema two days ago.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0642\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644<\/strong>: <em>yesterday, last week, ago, in 2010, when I was young, then, earlier<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/strong><strong> (Present Perfect)<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641<\/strong>: \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061b \u06cc\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0622\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc<\/strong>:<br><strong>have \/ has + past participle<\/strong><br>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: <em>have seen, has eaten, have visited<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627<\/strong>:\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I have visited Paris.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>She has studied English for five years.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They have eaten lunch already.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0642\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644<\/strong>: <em>already, yet, ever, never, since, for, recently, still, lately<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u06f1<\/strong><strong>. \u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647\u00bb \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0642\u06cc\u062f \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0631\u06cc\u062d \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f (\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b <em>yesterday<\/em>, <em>last week<\/em>, <em>in 2000<\/em> \u0648 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647)\u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<br>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I visited Paris <strong>last year<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>She arrived <strong>at 8 o\u2019clock<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0641\u062a: <em>I have visited Paris last year<\/em> (\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u06f2<\/strong><strong>. \u00ab<\/strong><strong>\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u00bb \u06cc\u0627 \u00ab\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u00bb \u2192 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<br>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I have visited Paris. (\u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u064b \u06a9\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0645)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>She has lived here for ten years. (\u0627\u0648 \u06f1\u06f0 \u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u2014 \u0648 \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>He has eaten breakfast already. (\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0635\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u06f3<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 <\/strong><strong><em>for<\/em><\/strong><strong> <\/strong><strong>\u0648 <\/strong><strong><em>since<\/em><\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0632 <em>for<\/em> \u0648 <em>since<\/em> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>for + <\/strong><strong>\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/strong>: I have worked here <strong>for<\/strong> five years.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>since + <\/strong><strong>\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639<\/strong>: She has lived here <strong>since<\/strong> 2015.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u00abfor\u00bb \u06cc\u0627 \u00absince\u00bb \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\u0645 \u0622\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u06f4<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u062a\u0623\u06a9\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0631\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u06a9\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0647 \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>They have cleaned the house. (\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>They cleaned the house yesterday. (\u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646\u062f)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u06f5. \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0635\u062d\u0628\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u062e \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0622\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I have traveled to many countries.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Have you ever seen a ghost?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>She has never been to New York.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0628\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\u0645 \u00ab\u06a9\u06cc\u00bb \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0631\u062e \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I traveled to France <strong>in 2018<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>She saw a ghost <strong>last night<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u06f6<\/strong><strong>. <\/strong><strong>\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u0634 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u0634\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0632 <em>have not \/ has not<\/em> \u0648 <em>have \u2026 ? \/ has \u2026 ?<\/em> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<br>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: <em>I have not finished yet.<\/em> \u2013 <em>Have you ever been there?<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0632 <em>did + not<\/em> \u0648 <em>did \u2026 ?<\/em> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f:<br>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644: <em>I did not see him.<\/em> \u2013 <em>Did you go to the party?<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0638\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u06a9\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>I lived in London for two years. (\u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u2013 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0622\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0632\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0645)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>I have lived in London for two years. (\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u2013 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0645)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>She wrote five books. (\u0627\u0648 \u067e\u0646\u062c \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u2014 \u062a\u0623\u06a9\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0647)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>She has written five books. (\u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0646\u062c \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u2014 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u062f)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0647<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>\u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/strong><strong> (Simple Past)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/strong><strong> (Present Perfect)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647<\/td><td>\u2705<\/td><td>\u274c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644<\/td><td>\u274c<\/td><td>\u2705<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627 for \/ since \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062a\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0644<\/td><td>\u274c<\/td><td>\u2705<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u062a\u0623\u06a9\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644<\/td><td>\u274c<\/td><td>\u2705<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/td><td>\u274c<\/td><td>\u2705<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0642\u06cc\u062f \u201cyesterday, ago, last week\u201d<\/td><td>\u2705<\/td><td>\u274c<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u0648 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u200c\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 <strong>\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/strong> \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u200c\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0635\u062d\u0628\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0648 \u062f\u0631\u0639\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u06cc \u0648 \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u200c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f IELTS \u0648 TOEFL \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u062d\u0628\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0628\u067e\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f:<br><strong>\u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631\u0634 \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u061f<\/strong><br>\u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u060c \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646 <strong>Simple Past<\/strong> \u0648 <strong>Present Perfect<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0645\u060c \u06af\u0648\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u062f\u06a9\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0633 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0634\u062f. \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u06af\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u06af\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc <strong>\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 (Simple Past) \u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 (Present Perfect) \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0622\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u062f\u0631 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